Twisted pair of cable is just what its name implies insulated wires with a minimum number of twists per foot. Twisting the wires reduces the electricla interference. Unshielded twisted pair is very familiar type of cable. It is often used as the telephone cable.
UTP cables comes is variety of grades called level 5, level 4 and level 3, offering better perpormance than an ordinary telephone cable. Level 5 cable is the highest most expensive grade, meant for 100mbps networks. Level 4 and level 3 cables are less expensive, but cannot support the same data throughput speeds. Level 4 cable can support upto 20 mbps and level 3 upto only16mbps.
This wide variety of cables shows the evolution of the ethernet technology. Thick coax was one of the cabling systems used in the ethernet but was difficult to work with and expensive. This lead to the development of the thin coax, which is easier to work with and less expensive. Today the most popular cable is unshielded twisted pair ( UTP ) Cable. This looks like a telephone cable but comes in variety of grades.
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